Using Communicative Action Theory to Analyse Relationships Between Supervisors and PhD Students in a Technical University in Sweden

lyse problematic relationships that can occur between supervisors and PhD students, between co-supervisors and between the students themselves. In a situation where power is distributed unequally, instrumental and strategic action on the part of either party can complicate and disturb efficacious relationships. We use Flanagan’s critical incident technique (Flanagan, 1954) to analyse twenty-five incidents that are told from a supervisor perspective and twentyfive from a PhD student perspective. The analysis reveals that a large proportion of incidents involved power struggles. Other categories include lack of professional or emotional support and poor communication. Rational dialogue based on Habermasian principles might have avoided many of these problems. The analysis concludes with some practical suggestions as to how the use of communicative action theory and critical incident technique can improve supervision, supervision training and the PhD process. aUniversity of the Sunshine Coast, Australia; bStockholm University and University of Borås, Sweden Michael Christiea, *and Ramón Garrote Juradob Using Communicative Action Theory to Analyse Relationships Between Supervisors and PhD Students in a Technical University in Sweden